A healthy nail should look good - smooth and even.Its color should be beige or slightly pink, which is due to the presence of blood vessels below.If defects occur, the nail can lose normal color, dark or painted in a different color.When the thickness changes, the nails become messy and look sloppy.In some diseases, the nail plates can be deformed to their disappearance.
Development misalignments can be both innate and acquired.In the first case, this is due to damage to the nail.It looks like the deformation of the nail or its absence immediately after the birth of a child.
The purchased trucks can develop for various reasons.The most common problem is a fungus that is present in one or the other form in every third person.The fungus can not only be external, in which only the plate is affected, but also by internal - the finger tissue can be influenced by its subsequent destruction.
In addition, such diseases can lead to a step -by -step deformation:
- Psoriasis - With this pathology, the thickness of the nail changes.It becomes denser than usual and uncomfortable to touch.In addition, pain develops - complaints can be felt in the case of palpation.Multi -Colored stains develop under the plate - from red to purple - this indicates bleeding.If the infection is connected, the addition of hematoma can be observed under the nail.Local departments from the skin can be observed - cavities form in these places that give their hands an messy look.The further development of the disease can lead to onycholysis.
- Eczema is often not only accompanied by local defeat, but also by generalized people.This means that skin symptoms can also be observed in addition to the damage to the panels.Eczema manifests itself directly in changes in the nail roller and the plate.The fingers of the finger are swollen, the peeling can develop.The affected surface itches and hurts.At the same time, the nail becomes dull and pale, its layering or brittleness is possible.
In addition to these reasons, the deformation can be provoked by a fungal infection of the nail plate.
The fungus is a disease that can lead to a complete destruction of the plate with an inattent attitude.In the initial phase, this is only manifested by changing the color and thickening.In the end, the defeat leads to the loss of the nail plate.
Signs of infection with a mushroom
With infection with onychomycosis, there is no intensive sharp pain and disabilities - so people often prefer not to notice them.In addition, the fungus does not manifest itself in the early phase by expressed changes in the nail plate and it is difficult to distinguish.
First, the itching of the skin of the feet appears.It is intense and can distract from work or calm.It is caused by the spread of microorganisms in the dermis, which is perceived by the body as irritation.If itching is constantly, a person can be disturbed by sleep and appetite.When combing the skin, it will probably bring bacteria into microre and will develop the annexation of a secondary infection.
If no treatment measures are taken, organic changes occur in nail and tissue.The plate becomes mushy and opaque, stains and stripes develop that can both light and dark - it depends on the pathogen.
A change in the shadow indicates that the yeast fungus fully records the tissue of the plate.Often the color becomes yellow, but also brown and white.
The brittleness and fragility of nails also shows the mushroom process.At the same time, the nails are shared and become messy.For this reason, painful growing in or thawing the nail can occur from his bed in the event of an injury.
If all of these symptoms or at least one of them occur, you have to consult a doctor about the treatment - without it, the disease can enter into chronic form.
Development levels of infection
In contrast to many pathologies, nail fungus is a slowly developing disease.It is characterized by a gradual river that is difficult to overlook.The therapy of the mushroom is effective in an early stage.The earlier the help is delivered, the better.
The initial phase often does not manifest itself visually.It is therefore impossible to show what the mushroom of nails in the legs looks like in the photo in the first stage.But the first symptoms occur at this point.An anxious bell in relation to the mushroom is itchy intense skin, which intensifies all day long and reaches the greatest intensity at night.The only sign that can be exposed to the idea of a fungal infection is the appearance of a pathological color of the nail detection by developing stains and stripes from light yellow to a white shadow.There can be dark areas.
The stage of the normotrophen lesion manifests itself through moderate symptoms.This shows the fact that the nail has not yet been thickened and the pronounced deformation is not observed in it.However, stains and stripes become extremely clear and visible to others.In addition, there is an unpleasant smell connected by the feet.If you do not start treatment, the disease will inevitably go into the last stage.
With a hypertrophic lesion, thickening is observed not only the plate itself, but also surrounding tissue.This can be seen by deforming the nail, it can change, crumble and even break the growth direction and even break a slight influence on it.As a result, the nail can be reduced, and the new disk does not grow in its place in a serious course of the disease.
In the presence of a simultaneous pathology, the transition from the first stage to the introduced start in just a few weeks occurs extremely quickly.This can be done due to the presence of immune deficiency, cancer and weakness of the body, which develops in old age.
Injections in adults also provoke the development of the disease.This can be direct damage to the nail and the surrounding tissue if the metabolism of the nail changes due to the inadequacy of the blood circulation.At this point, ideal conditions for a fungus are created.
With obesity and diabetes mellitus, the nail fungus develops on the legs in 95 out of 100 cases.This is due to the fact that mushroom microorganisms receive many for the growth and reproduction of substances - for example glucose and lipid.Therefore, pathology is extremely difficult in such patients.
Nail fungus when it is infected with dermatophytes
Dermatophytes are the most common cause of pathology.Infection of them is quite easy - through common towels, showers or even inner screeching shoes.
This type of fungus has two dangerous representatives that can cause mushroom lesions - these are Trichophyton rubrum and trichophyton mentagrophyphytes.
The first representative begins to penetrate from his free edge under the nail plate and move further.Signs of an infection with this fungus - a change in the color of the nails on the legs with pink to yellow with black through, the texture of the plate deteriorates - it becomes brittle and fragile, crumbles with physical exposure.
For an exact diagnosis, you need to know what the nail fungus looks like.The most characteristic feature is the appearance of a replacement of the nail near its side edge.In this room, the accumulation of dirt occurs, which is favorable for the development of microorganisms.During this time it is still possible to get rid of the mushroom without nail loss, just to use ointments and creams in parallel with antifungal.
There is a so -called distal form of the disease, which is manifested by the start of the lesion in the nail bed.This form is much less common because a microorganism is required for the entrance gate - a microricises or other damage.This situation is not unusual after an injury.With this option, it is necessary to completely remove the nail plate because every conservative treatment is ineffective.
If the cause of the mushroom trichophyton is mentagrophyte, the signs of the disease are as follows:
- Thickening - there will be a significant hypertrophy of the plate with deformations and defects of the fabric.
- The color of the plate is intensely yellow, with a honey tint;
- An abscess appears on a finger near the nail;
- In the late stage, skin lesion also combines - in the interdigital gaps the peeling and the cracks of the skin are observed;
- The appearance of white stripes and spots is created - these are the places where the mushroom parasitates the most intensely.
- This type of pathogens never parasitically parasitically.
In order to get rid of this fungus, it is necessary to undergo the correct comprehensive treatment with oral drugs and local appeals - gels and ointments.
In severe cases, you may need to remove the nail and laser cleaning to remove microorganisms.This method has many positive reviews.It is forbidden to use paint.
Changes in the nail if it is infected with a mushroom of the genus
This disease is characterized by damage not only by tissue on the limbs, but also by the localization of the brush.The leading hand is affected more often, for example the right hand is the right hand.The disease is faster from frequent contact with water.
A characteristic characteristic of this disease is the damage to the nail from the box.Over time, more tissue is recorded - first in the cell division of the cell division and then the free edge.
In this disease, a secondary infection occurs more often than the rest.Candidiasis is accompanied by pain in the roller and bed.With palpation it is possible to deduct a serous or purulent discharge.
The nail is gradually deformed and rises over the skin, its thickness can reach several millimeters.At the same time, the nail becomes wave -like, which is manifested by the presence of the so -called scallops, which can go into different directions.In candidiasis, however, the most common form of nail damage is precisely horizontally blackening.
In severe pathology, the nail is gradually separated from the nail bed, this is accompanied by symptoms and pain.With the accidental trauma of such a nail, it is possible, accompanied by considerable bleeding.The wound surface in this case is delayed for a long time.
If the fungus affects the free edge of the nail, this is often combined with a skin or a generalized form.It means distal.This variant of the course of the disease is harder and is more difficult to treat.The distal form shows that human immunity is weakened and influenced by microorganisms.
The treatment of candidiasis differs in various forms and stages of the disease.First of all, you can try to influence the microorganism with the help of local resources, but with a generalized or quickly progressive form you have to take systemic oral medication.If the fungus gives signs of extensive damage, a complete medical examination for the search for diseases that have reduced the level of immunity must also be prescribed.
Changes in the nail with shape damage
The defeat with mold is less common than the rest of the pathogens.This is due to the fact that a person is not so often in contact with this type of microorganism due to their specificity.In most cases, these mushrooms are infected against the background of an existing lesion.The most popular colony that shapes is trichophyton -mentematgrophytes.Against this background, you can often see the combined effects of both mushrooms and bacteria.
This disease is characteristic of the elderly.During this time, a decrease in cellular immunity and the weakening of the body occurs, which causes the fungi to develop more intensively.
A characteristic characteristic of this pathogens is their selectivity.They do not influence the skin and soft tissue, which are located exclusively on the nails.
Most types are found most among the causative ingredients:
- Alternaria - This fungus determines the development of the deformation of nail and hyperkeratosis.In order to recover from this disease, it is necessary to remove the nail plate, since microorganisms lie extremely deep into the tissue and it is quite difficult to eliminate it.
- Scytalidium dimidiatum - mostly such microorganisms occur in patients with diabetes.In order to get rid of such a mushroom, it is necessary to carefully monitor the glucose level in the blood and observe in parallel to the endocrinologist.
- Scopulariopsis Brevicaulis is more common in public places, for example in baths, pools and showers.If it is located in the nail plates, its color changes from pink to white.
- Fusarium is common in rural areas, there is a lot in the soil from which it can easily switch to fabric.This fungus can cause mycosis of internal organs when penetrating into the body, which is very difficult to treat.Therapy for such a terrible illness should only be carried out in the hospital, since treatment is serious enough for the patient.
The therapy of mold damage is very complex because it is necessary to treat the body from several colonies of microorganisms.A combination of antibiotics and antifungals are used to create quite high quality therapy.In severe cases, they are not administered orally, but intravenously.